We then applied the anchor of the second strip 1 in. After cutting the tape into a Y-shape, we applied the tape head (anchor) of the first strip to the wrist, stretched the tape slightly with approximately 30% of available tension to the tails, laid down the tape ends with no tension, and applied pressure to the tape surface to initiate adhesion. The patient was positioned with the elbow extended and the wrist ulnar deviated and flexed. ![]() The main strip was used to inhibit the targeted muscles while the second strip correct the fascia. , with the main strip applied along the extensor muscles and the second strip vertical to the first one on the proximal forearm (Fig. ![]() We used two Y-shaped Kinesio strips for the KT procedure for lateral epicondylitis as proposed by Kaze et al. The taping was performed by an experienced physical therapist. The color and width of the two tapes were very similar, appearance-wise making it hard to differentiate between them (Fig. The Kinesio Tex Tape was used for KT and the Elastic Adhesive Tape (3 M™) for ST. We hypothesized that KT could provide immediate effects on pain reduction in patients with lateral epicondylitis. Considering that pain measures are usually subjective and might have great inter-individual variability, we used a randomized cross-over design with self-comparator to maximize statistical power from our sample size. We also focused on the immediate effects on pain reduction during dynamic motions in hope of applying the results to the sport fields. We therefore designed this study with a placebo control to investigate the effectiveness of KT on pain relief. However, without a control group, those positive findings can be due to the placebo effect. reported that patients’ pain and grip strength significantly improved after applying KT. In a non-control study with before-after design, Dilek et al. The effectiveness of KT in managing lateral epicondylitis has not been adequately explored. Certainly, well-designed research is warranted so that the practitioners can be confident that KT is beneficial for their patients. ![]() Despite the inconsistencies, some randomized controlled trials have reported that the KT is beneficial in controlling pain in certain conditions such as acute and chronic low-back pain, cervical whiplash, and knee pain after joint replacement. KT may or may not reduce pain in the short-term use when compared with minimal treatment, and not be superior when compared with other interventions in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. The results has been interpreted as either trivial or no effects on muscle strength in healthy adults. Various quality and methodology of the trials has influenced the consistency of results in these reviews. Various clinical effects of KT have been reviewed in a diversity of conditions and populations. Numerous effects of KT are hypothesized, including pain reduction, normalizing muscle function, improving proprioceptive feedback, and correcting articular malalignment. Invented by the Japanese chiropractor Kenzo Kase in the 1970s, the tape is an elastic woven-cotton strip with heat-sensitive acrylic adhesive and the maximum available tension of about 40–60% its overall length. Kinesio taping (KT) is widely used to manage various musculoskeletal problems. In some cases, the recovery phase can be as long as several months, potentially impacting the quality of life and sports performance of affected individuals. Although treatments are usually non-surgical (e.g., oral medications, steroid injections, and physiotherapy), many of them lack sufficient evidence of beneficial effects. This is the result of the degenerative angiofibroblastic hyperplasia of wrist extensor tendons due to repeated microtraumas. It typically presents with pain around the lateral epicondyle elicited by forceful wrist extension. ![]() The dominant upper limb is much more often involved. Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) is the most common cause of elbow pain, and is commonly seen in racquet sports players with a reported incidence of 9~ 35% and a prevalence of 14~ 41% among tennis players.
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